how many times has the bible been changed
The Bible is the holy scripture of the Christian religion, purporting to tell the history of the Globe from its earliest creation to the spread of Christianity in the first century A.D. Both the Quondam Testament and the New Testament have undergone changes over the centuries, including the the publication of the Male monarch James Bible in 1611 and the addition of several books that were discovered later.
Old Testament
The Old Testament is the get-go section of the Bible, roofing the creation of Earth through Noah and the flood, Moses and more, finishing with the Jews being expelled to Babylon.
The Bible's Old Testament is very similar to the Hebrew Bible, which has origins in the ancient religion of Judaism. The exact beginnings of the Jewish religion are unknown, but the first known mention of Israel is an Egyptian inscription from the 13th century B.C.
The earliest known mention of the Jewish god Yahweh is in an inscription relating to the King of Moab in the ninth century B.C. It is speculated that Yahweh was possibly adapted from the mountain god Yhw in ancient Seir or Edom.
READ MORE: Explore 10 Biblical Sites: Photos
Hezekiah
It was during the reign of Hezekiah of Judah in the 8th century B.C. that historians believe what would become the Old Attestation began to take form, the result of royal scribes recording royal history and heroic legends.
During the reign of Josiah in the sixth century B.C., the books of Deuteronomy and Judges were compiled and added. The terminal form of the Hebrew Bible developed over the next 200 years when Judah was swallowed up past the expanding Persian Empire.
Septuagint
Post-obit conquest past Alexander the Corking, the Hebrew Bible was translated into Greek in the third century B.C.
Known as the Septuagint, this Greek translation was initiated at the request of Male monarch Ptolemy of Arab republic of egypt to exist included in the library of Alexandria. The Septuagint was the version of the Bible used by early Christians in Rome.
The Book of Daniel was written during this period and included in the Septuagint at the last moment, though the text itself claims to have been written former around 586 B.C.
READ MORE: Why the Male monarch James Bible of 1604 Remains the Most Pop Translation in History
New Testament
The New Testament tells the story of the life of Jesus and the early days of Christianity, most notably Paul's efforts to spread Jesus' education. It collects 27 books, all originally written in Greek.
The sections of the New Testament apropos Jesus are called the Gospels and were written about 40 years after the earliest written Christian materials, the letters of Paul, known every bit the Epistles.
Paul's letters were distributed past churches sometime around 50 A.D., possibly just before Paul'south death. Scribes copied the letters and kept them in circulation. Every bit circulation continued, the letters were nerveless into books.
Some in the church, inspired by Paul, began to write and circulate their own letters, and so historians believe that some books of the New Attestation attributed to Paul were in fact written by disciples and imitators.
As Paul'southward words were circulated, an oral tradition began in churches telling stories about Jesus, including teachings and accounts of post-resurrection appearances. Sections of the New Testament attributed to Paul talk about Jesus with a firsthand feeling, but Paul never knew Jesus except in visions he had, and the Gospels were not notwithstanding written at the time of Paul'southward messages.
The Gospels
The oral traditions within the church building formed the substance of the Gospels, the earliest book of which is Mark, written around lxx A.D., twoscore years after the death of Jesus.
It is theorized there may accept been an original document of sayings by Jesus known equally the Q source, which was adjusted into the narratives of the Gospels. All four Gospels were published anonymously, but historians believe that the books were given the proper name of Jesus' disciples to provide straight links to Jesus to lend them greater say-so.
Matthew and Luke were adjacent in the chronology. Both used Marker as a reference, but Matthew is considered to have some other carve up source, known equally the One thousand source, as information technology contains some different material from Mark. Both books likewise stress the proof of Jesus' divinity more than Marker did.
The Book of John, written around 100 A.D., was the final of the 4 and has a reputation for hostility to Jesus' Jewish contemporaries.
All four books comprehend the life of Jesus with many similarities, but sometimes contradictions in their portrayals. Each is considered to have its own political and religious agenda linked to authorship.
For instance, the books of Matthew and Luke nowadays unlike accounts of Jesus' nativity, and all contradict each other about the resurrection.
READ More: The Bible Says Jesus Was Real. What Other Proof Exists?
Book of Revelation
The Book of Revelation is the final book of the Bible, an instance of apocalyptic literature that predicts a terminal celestial war through prophecy. Authorship is ascribed to John, only piffling else is known about the author.
According to the text, it was written effectually 95 A.D. on an island off the coast of Turkey. Some scholars believe it is less a prophecy and more than a response to the Roman devastation of the Great Temple and Jerusalem.
This text is nonetheless used by Evangelical Christians to translate current events in expectation of the End Times, and elements of it notice frequent use in popular entertainment.
Biblical Canon
Surviving documents from the 4th century show that unlike councils within the church building released lists to guide how diverse Christian texts should be treated.
The earliest known attempt to create a canon in the same respect as the New Attestation was in 2nd century Rome past Marcion, a Turkish man of affairs and church leader.
Marcion's work focused on the Gospel of Luke and the letters of Paul. Disapproving of the attempt, the Roman church expelled Marcion.
Second-century Syrian writer Tatian attempted to create a canon by weaving the 4 gospels together every bit the Diatessaron.
The Muratorian Canon, which is believed to appointment to 200 A.D., is the earliest compilation of canonical texts resembling the New Testament.
It was not until the 5th century that all the different Christian churches came to a bones agreement on Biblical catechism. The books that eventually were considered canon reflect the times they were embraced equally much the times of the events they portray.
During the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century, books not originally written in Hebrew merely Greek, such as Judith and Maccabees, were excluded from the One-time Testament. These are known the Apocrypha and are notwithstanding included in the Catholic Bible.
Gnostic Gospels
Additional Biblical texts have been discovered, such equally the Gospel of Mary, which was function of the larger Berlin Gnostic Codex found in Egypt in 1896.
Fifty further unused Biblical texts were discovered in Nag Hammadi in Egypt in 1945, known equally the Gnostic Gospels.
Among the Gnostic Gospels were the Gospel of Thomas—which purports to be previously hidden sayings by Jesus presented in collaboration with his twin brother—and The Gospel of Philip, which implies a spousal relationship between Jesus and Mary Magdalene. The original texts are believed to appointment back to around 120 A.D.
The Book of Judas was constitute in Egypt in the 1970s. Dated to around 280 A.D., it is believed by some to contain underground conversations between Jesus and his betrayer Judas.
These accept never go part of the official Biblical catechism, but stem from the same traditions and can be read as alternative views of the same stories and lessons. These texts are taken every bit indications of the diversity of early on Christianity.
READ MORE: Why Jesus Was Betrayed by Judas Iscariot
King James Bible
The King James Bible is possibly the most widely-known edition of the Bible, though in England it is known as the "Authorized Version."
Start printed in 1611, this edition of the Bible was commissioned in 1604 by King James I after feeling political force per unit area from Puritans and Calvinists demanding church building reform and calling for a complete restructuring of church hierarchy.
In response, James chosen for a conference at Hampton Court Palace, during which it was suggested to him that in that location should be a new translation of the Bible since versions commissioned by earlier monarchs were felt to be corrupt.
Rex James eventually agreed and decreed the new translation should speak in gimmicky language, using common, recognizable terms. James' purpose was to unite the warring religious factions through a uniform holy text.
This version of the Bible was not altered for 250 years and is credited every bit one of the biggest influences on the English linguistic communication, alongside the works of Shakespeare. The King James Bible introduced a multitude of words and phrases now common in the English language language, including "eye for an centre," "bottomless pit," "ii-edged sword," "God forbid," "scapegoat" and "turned the earth upside downwardly," among many others.
Sources
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Bible. John Rogerson, ed.
The Book: A History of the Bible. Christopher De Hamel.
New Attestation History and Literature. Dale B. Martin.
The Gnostic Gospels. Elaine Pagels.
From Jesus To Christ. Frontline.
Source: https://www.history.com/topics/religion/bible
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